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Life and Spirituality
M. Ignacia del Espiritu Santo was born, lived and died during the Spanish colonial era in the Philippines. The precise date of her birth is not known. Her baptismal record mentions only the date of her baptism, March 4, 1663. This confirms the statement of Pedro Murillo Velarde that Ignacia was 21 years old in 1684. Ignacia was the eldest and the sole surviving child of Maria Jeronima, an yndia, and Jusepe Iuco, a pure Chinese immigrant from Amoy, China, who was converted to the Catholic faith in 1652 and resided in Binondo, Manila.
When Ignacia was 21 years old, her parents wanted her to marry. Heeding a call deep within but not wanting to disappoint her parents, Ignacia sought counsel from Fr. Paul Klein, a Jesuit priest from Bohemia who arrived in Manila in 1682. The priest gave her the Spiritual Exercises of St. Ignatius. After this period of solitude and prayer, Ignacia decided to ‘remain in the service of the Divine Majesty’ and to “live by the sweat of her brow.” She left home and brought with her only a needle and a pair of scissors. She started to live alone in the house located at the back of the Jesuit College of Manila. Her life of prayer and labor attracted yndias who were also called to religious life but could not be admitted to existing beaterios at that time. Mother Ignacia accepted these women into her company and the first community was born. They became known as the Beatas de la Compafiia de Jesus because they frequently received the sacraments at the Church of St. Ignatius, performed many acts of devotion there and went to the Jesuit Fathers for spiritual direction and confession.
She started to live alone in the house located at the back of the Jesuit College of Manila. Her life of prayer and labor attracted yndias who also felt called to the religious life but could not be admitted into the existing congregation at that time. M. Ignacia accepted these women into her company and the first community was born. They became known as the Beatas de la Compañia de Jesus because they frequently received the sacraments at the Church of St. Ignatius, performed many acts of devotion there and had the Jesuit Fathers for their spiritual directors and confessors.
M. Ignacia centered her life on the suffering Christ and tried to imitate him through a life of service and humility. She prayed earnestly to God and performed penances to move God to have mercy on them. Her spirituality of humble service was expressed in her capacity to forgive, to bear wrongs patiently and to correct with gentleness and meekness. This spirituality was manifest in peace and harmony in the community, mutual love and union of wills, witnessing to the love of Christ and the maternal care of the Blessed Mother. This spirituality sustained the beatas in their moments of difficulties especially during times of extreme poverty, when they even had to beg for rice and salt and scrounge the streets for firewood. The beatas continued to support themselves by the labor of their hands and sometimes received some financial help from pious people. In all these, they did not cease to thank God and to trust in divine providence.
The Beaterio and Service to the Divine Majesty
The growing number of beatas called for a more stable lifestyle and a set of rules. A daily schedule was drawn up and community practices were defined. Following the spirit of St. Ignatius, M. Ignacia exhorted her beatas to live always in the presence of God and to develop great purity of heart. She also emphasized charity in the community which was dedicated to the Blessed Mother. The spirit of Mary runs through the rules which were written for the guidance of the beatas. In defining her style of leadership, M. Ignacia drew inspiration from the Blessed Virgin Mary. She strove to be the living image of Mary to her companions and exhorted them to take Mary as their model in following Jesus.
M. Ignacia gradually realized that the beaterio was called by God not only to a life of prayer and penance but also to apostolic service. The beaterio admitted young girls as boarders who were taught Christian doctrine as well as works proper to them. M. Ignacia did not make any distinction of color or race but accepted yndias, mestizas and Spaniards as recogidas. The beatas were also involved in retreat work and helped the Jesuit Fathers by preparing the retreatants to be disposed to the Spiritual Exercises.
M. Ignacia submitted the 1726 Constitutions to the Archdiocesan office for approval. After the approval was given in 1732 by the Fiscal Provisor of Manila, M. Ignacia decided to give up her responsibility as superior of the house. She lived as an ordinary member until her death on September 10, 1748. Murillo Velarde saw this as a great sign of her humility. She had no desire to command and control. In his estimation, she was a “true valiant woman” who overcame the great difficulties which she met in the foundation from the beginning to the end. She was “mortified, patient, devout, spiritual, and zealous for the good of souls.”
A few months before her death, the Archbishop initiated a process of securing royal protection for the Beaterio. M. Ignacia died without knowing the response of the Spanish king but her long life in the beaterio must have taught her to trust in the providence of God. Little did she expect that the beaterio would become a congregation and continue to exist until today, more than 300 years after her death. This congregation, now known as the Religious of the Virgin Mary, is a living testimony to her life as God’s handmaid who opened the door of religious life to native women in the Philippines. She proved that God is the God of all peoples, of whatever color or race.
The royal protection granted in 1755 guaranteed the safety of the beatas but it did not recognize the beaterio as a community of religious women. It was ordained to remain as a pious association. The beatas, faithful to the spirit of their foundress, M. Ignacia, continued to live the religious life even without being officially recognized as such. The expulsion of the Jesuits in 1768 was another blow to the beatas. They lost their spiritual guides but they continued to enjoy the solicitude of the Archbishop of Manila and other Churchmen. In the spirit of M. Ignacia, the beatas lived by the sweat of their faces and persevered in their service of God through education and retreat work. Despite attempts by the Governor-general to change the nature of the beaterio, the beatas remained true to the vision and charism of M. Ignacia and survived the dark years.
The growth of the beaterio into a Congregation and its response to the apostolic challenges of the times show the vitality of the spirit of M. Ignacia. Indeed, her lamp continues to shine as her daughters courageously strive to respond with zeal to the call of mission in different contexts.
The story of the Congregation that has grown from the small Beaterio of M. Ignacia continues to unfold. It bears witness to the enduring vitality and strength of the foundation, the spirituality of M. Ignacia. The lamp she lit to guide the path of native women aspiring to the religious life and the maturity of faith continues to shine. It remains undimmed. The life of this lowly yndia and the fruits of her spirituality proclaim the immense goodness of God whose generosity is unbounded. M. Ignacia trusted in the loving providence of God and she was never disappointed.
The Cause for the Beatification of Mother Ignacia
The dream of the RVM Sisters through the centuries had been to see Mother Foundress venerated at the altars of the Church as a model and mother for women of the times to identify with her ideals: to see what they too could be, with the grace of God. It took years before this indigenous Congregation find its way through the procedures designed by Rome.
In 1986, Cardinal Sin took the initiative to present the Cause of Mother Ignacia to the Sacred Congregation. The Nihil Obstat of the Sacred Congregation was granted on October 20, 1986; and the archdiocesan tribunal was constituted in November to assess the collection of documents. The significant conclusion arrived at by the tribunal was: One reason in favor of the beatification of Mother Ignacia was that, the first few hundred years of the Church’s life here in the Philippines, there was in the person of this woman, a “shining example of a life of profound Christian holiness.” What could be a better proof of the fruitfulness of the Christian religion in the holiness of the Filipino faithful, not too long after the coming of the faith to the Philippine shores?
On January 16, 2001 the Historical Commission designated by the Sacred Congregation for the Causes of Saints was convened to discuss the merits of the Positio. The majority of the members stamped their approval. The proceedings were incorporated in the final volume of the Positio that would be considered by the Theological Commission. On February 23, 2007, the Congress of Theologians voted a favorable decision to accept the POSITIO on the life and virtues of the Servant of God, Ignacia del Espiritu Santo. On June 19, 2007 the Congress of Cardinals scheduled the Cause of the Servant of God. The positive decision of this gathering resulted in the elevation of the Cause to His Holiness, Pope Benedict XVI, who on July 6, 2007, ordered the Promulgation of the Decree on Virtues of Mother Ignacia del Espiritu Santo, the Servant of God.
"The Servant of God Ignacia, Foundress of the Religious of the Blessed Virgin Mary,
is found to possess to a heroic degree the theological virtues of Faith, Hope and Charity toward God and neighbor,
as well as the cardinal virtues of Prudence, Justice, Temperance, and Fortitude."
Decretum Super Virtutibus
On February 1, 2008, in grateful jubilation for having received the Decree on Virtues that declared Mother Ignacia del Espiritu Santo VENERABLE, the Congregation offered a Thanksgiving Mass at the Minor Basilica of San Lorenzo Ruiz in Binondo, Manila. His Eminence Gaudencio B. Cardinal Rosales, DD, Archbishop of Manila, was the Main Celebrant and Homilist.
PRAYER FOR THE BEATIFICATION
OF VENERABLE IGNACIA DEL ESPIRITU SANTO
Father in heaven, Your name is glorified over all the earth in Your Saints, men and women, distinguished by a whole-hearted service and love for You. Through them, You have established religious congregations in Your Church. In Your goodness and mercy, You have looked with favor on Your people in the Philippines and have chosen from among them Your lowly handmaid IGNACIA DEL ESPIRITU SANTO to be the foundress of a religious family under the special protection of the Blessed Virgin Mary. We humbly ask You, then, to glorify Your name in her by performing the miracles needed for her beatification through Your Son, our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ. (Petition)
May her prayers and intercession obtain for us the favors we ask for, particularly that of remaining ever faithful to Your love and service. Amen.
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